Nonwoven fabrics
It is a fabric-like material made from staple fibre (short) and long fibres (continuous long), bonded together by chemical, mechanical, heat or solvent treatment. The term is used in the textile manufacturing industry to denote fabrics, such as felt, which are neither woven nor knitted.[1] Some nonwoven materials lack sufficient strength unless densified or reinforced by a backing. In recent years, nonwovens have become an alternative to polyurethane foam.
Nonwoven fabrics are broadly defined as sheet or web structures bonded together by entangling fibre or filaments (and by perforating films) mechanically, thermally or chemically. They are flat or tufted porous sheets made directly from separate fibres, molten plastic or plastic film. They are not made by weaving or knitting and do not require converting the fibres to yarn. Typically, a certain percentage of recycled fabrics and oil-based materials are used in nonwoven fabrics. The recycled fabrics' rate varies based on the strength of material needed for specific use. In addition, some nonwoven fabrics can be recycled after use, given the proper treatment and facilities. For this reason, some consider nonwovens a more ecological fabric for specific applications, especially in fields and industries where disposable or single-use products are essential, such as hospitals, schools, nursing homes and luxury accommodations.
Nonwoven fabrics are engineered fabrics that may be single-use, have a limited life, or be very durable. Nonwoven fabrics provide specific functions such as absorbency, liquid repellence, resilience, stretch, softness, strength, flame retardancy, washability, cushioning, thermal insulation, acoustic insulation, filtration, use as a bacterial barrier and sterility. These properties are often combined to create fabrics suited for specific jobs while achieving a good balance between product use-life and cost. They can mimic the woven fabric's appearance, texture, and strength and can be as bulky as the thickest paddings. They provide a spectrum of products with various properties in combination with other materials. They are used alone or as apparel, home furnishings, health care, engineering, industrial and consumer goods.
Nonwoven materials are used in numerous applications, including:
Medical
isolation gowns
surgical gowns
surgical drapes and covers
surgical masks
surgical scrub suits
caps
medical packaging: porosity allows gas sterilization
gloves
shoe covers
bath wipes
wound dressings
drug delivery [3] [4]
plasters
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nonwoven fabrics.
Association of Nonwovens (EDANA: Europe
The Association of the Nonwovens Fabrics Industry (INDA: US
Nonwoven Industry News, Conference Reports and Consulting
